ABSTRACT
An extract method for the fingerprint feature of 49 kinds of antibiotics belonging to multiple classes in surface water was developed.Water sample was purified and concentrated by tandem dual column (MAX and HLB),and qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (SPE-UPLC-MS/MS) under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.The pretreatment was optimized in types of SPE column,loading pH,eluent and redissolution for multiclass antibiotics.The results showed that the linearity of target antibiotics was good in the range of 0.001-0.5 μg/mL (0.01-5 μg/mL for streptomycin).The recoveries were from 51.7% to 94.8%,and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 2.19% to 9.67%.The limits of detection(LOD,S/N=3) were 0.01-3.23 μg/L and 0.05-3.43 μg/L and the limits of quantification (LOQ,S/N=10) were 0.04-10.8 μg/L and 0.17-11.4 μg/L in different redissolve solutions.This method was applied to the determination of antibiotics in water samples from 9 sites of Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influence and mechanism of overexpression of SOCS2 on diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and cells.@*METHODS@#STZ was used to induce male SD rats and SOCS2 was injected into left renal vein. Rats were divided into DN group, DN-Ad-null group and DN-Ad-SOCS2 group. Glucose with high and normal concentration was used to culture HBZY-1 cells and then transfect Ad-SOCS2. HG group, HG-Ad-null group, HG-Ad-SOCS2 group, CG group, CG-Ad-null group, and CG-Ad-SOCS2 group were created. The expression of inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-6) in kidney tissue of rats, fibrosis related protein (FN, Collagen IV and TGF-β) in kidney tissue and cells of rats, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway related proteins (p-JAK2 and p-STAT3) were tested by western blot. ELISA was used to test the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in cells.@*RESULTS@#The expression of inflammatory cytokines in DN rats (MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-6) and cell (TNF-α and IL-6) were increased (P < 0.01) significantly. However, SOCS2 could decrease the overexpression of mediated inflammatory cytokines in DN animal models and cell models (P < 0.01). The expression of fibrosis related protein in DN rats and cells increased while SOCS2 decreased the overexpression of mediated fibrosis related protein in DN model rats and cells (P < 0.01). The expression of JAK/STAT pathway related protein in both DN rats and cells increased and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway was activated. Yet, SOCS2 obviously suppressed the expression of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway as well as the related proteins (p-JAK2 and p-STAT3) in both DN rats and cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The overexpression of SOCS2 can decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis related proteins in DN rats and cells, and meanwhile suppress the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway mediated by DN.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the influence and mechanism of overexpression of SOCS2 on diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and cells. Methods: STZ was used to induce male SD rats and SOCS2 was injected into left renal vein. Rats were divided into DN group, DN-Ad-null group and DN-Ad-SOCS2 group. Glucose with high and normal concentration was used to culture HBZY-1 cells and then transfect Ad-SOCS2. HG group, HG-Ad-null group, HG-Ad-SOCS2 group, CG group, CG-Ad-null group, and CG-Ad-SOCS2 group were created. The expression of inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-6) in kidney tissue of rats, fibrosis related protein (FN, Collagen IV and TGF-β) in kidney tissue and cells of rats, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway related proteins (p-JAK2 and p-STAT3) were tested by western blot. ELISA was used to test the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in cells. Results: The expression of inflammatory cytokines in DN rats (MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-6) and cell (TNF-α and IL-6) were increased (P < 0.01) significantly. However, SOCS2 could decrease the overexpression of mediated inflammatory cytokines in DN animal models and cell models (P < 0.01). The expression of fibrosis related protein in DN rats and cells increased while SOCS2 decreased the overexpression of mediated fibrosis related protein in DN model rats and cells (P < 0.01). The expression of JAK/STAT pathway related protein in both DN rats and cells increased and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway was activated. Yet, SOCS2 obviously suppressed the expression of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway as well as the related proteins (p-JAK2 and p-STAT3) in both DN rats and cells. Conclusions: The overexpression of SOCS2 can decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis related proteins in DN rats and cells, and meanwhile suppress the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway mediated by DN.